A country within a country, San Marino is an off-the-beaten-path destination inside Italy. A sole survivor of Italy's once powerful city-state network, it is the world's oldest surviving sovereign state and its oldest republic (since AD 301).

Situated mainly on the top of Mount Titano, the city and its three fortifications dominate the principally flat surrounding area. The Guaita tower (shown here) is approximately (2,424 feet,739 meters) above the valley below, providing outstanding views along the coast. Facing east, it is also the first structure in the area to greet the sun rising over the Adriatic.

Overshadowed by more famous Italian destinations, it casts its own shadow over parts of central Italy. Designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2008, it is well worth a day trip for the views and photo opportunities.